This course is designed to provide a broad and integrated overview of the Inauteriak, or Rural Carnivals, in the different regions of Euskal Herria.

We will begin with an introduction to their etymology, distant origins and meaning within the traditional calendar cycle, addressing both indigenous and external influences that have gradually shaped their diverse folkloric expressions in each area. We will then explore the Maskaradak of Zuberoa and Lapurdi, whose characters are divided into two groups: the Beltzak, symbolising the spirits of the night and chaotic forces of nature; and the Gorriak, beings associated with the bright season and life-creating powers. Among them are mythological entities, shape-shifting creatures, mischievous beings, representations of traditional occupations and human figures holding social roles.

Next, we will journey through the carnivals of Navarra, highlighting those with recognised cultural and tourist significance such as Ituren and Zubieta (Hartza and Joaldunak), Altsasu (Momotxorroak) and Lantz (Miel Otxin, Ziripot, Mozorruak, Txerreroak, Zaldiko). We will also examine others of considerable ethnographic interest, such as those of Unanua, Lesaka, Agoitz, Erratzu, Isaba, Sartaguda, Noain and Estella, among others.

We will then move on to the carnivals of Álava, focusing on those of Zalduondo, Salcedo, Kuartango, Asparrena, Santa Cruz de Kanpezu, Okariz and Domaika. In these parodic performances we find everything from bandits representing evil, totemic animals and chaotic beings, to depictions of popular trades linked to mythology and even representations of animal sacrifice offered to the earth.

Within the carnivals of Bizkaia, we will look at those of Gallarta, Llodio, Markina and Mundaka, where we encounter manifestations linked to ironworking professions, symbolic representations of illness, witches as scapegoats, and a wide range of mythological beings and depictions of the dead.

Among the carnivals of Gipuzkoa, we will highlight Oiartzun for the presence of Intxisuak and Sorginak; Ataun for its association with the wolf; and Amezketa for the struggle between beings of the night and more benevolent fairy-like entities in their dealings with humans.

In order to present this wide range of representations, the lecture will last three hours, with a break midway.

The course includes access to the live session and to the e-learning platform where the recording, presentation, resources and Q&A forum will be stored. You may also send me individual queries by email. All these materials will remain available for one month.

The fee for the lecture is 15€, set to encourage broader participation from people on limited incomes.

Those who support the project on Patreon will receive a discount according to their subscription tier. Please request your discount code if you have not received it by email.